Brand new barn venue! Now booking events for the 2025 wedding season. The Hummingbird Chateau centerpieces an eclectic mix of old and new, perfect for accommodating every couples unique style. The hummingbird symbolizes joy and happiness; its colorful appearance brings good luck and positive energy to our lives. Our vision is to provide a place for people to come together to celebrate and witness life’s most beautiful moments. The Hummingbird Chateau has multiple indoor and outdoor options for both ceremony and reception. Included in the venue rental is barn wood tables, white farm house chairs for reception, antique white folding chairs for outdoor ceremonies and pews for indoor ceremonies. With many more rental options available depending on your vision for the "Big Day"! We are in the process of completing renovations to the barn and grounds, more pictures to come! Contact us today to schedule a tour!

Cortland Mansion is a one-stop venue. We provide the tables and chairs for the reception as well as the white resin chairs for the ceremony. We offer on-site catering that includes setting up and cleaning up of the space. We offer linens with the rental and have an array of colors to choose from for weddings. We offer different bar options such as cash bar, tab bar and open bar. We also have a bridal suite that can be utilized for the day. Our rental hours for weddings start at 7:00 a.m. to midnight.

The home was built (around 1790) to take advantage of the view. A historic site of both Revolutionary and Civil War events involving battles for the Potomac Ford, a dam, and an old mill. It is a peaceful, private, and incredibly beautiful location. Over 200 feet of private waterfront nestled next to Dam 5 on the scenic Potomac River. Private, surrounded by nature, yet less than a 10 min drive to town.

ThorpeWood is a 155-acre mountain retreat hidden off a quiet mountain road, set into a forested hillside overlooking a native trout stream, and nestled 1,500 feet high in the Catoctin Mountains near Thurmont, MD—the natural resource for non-profits. Our beautiful setting of forests, meadows, an arboretum, wetlands, and native trout streams provides a tranquil location for a unique mountain destination where individuals and groups can experience the benefits of sharing in our pristine natural resources—whether through educational or team building programs, corporate events and retreats, or weddings and other special occasions.

Zigbone Farm Retreat is a stunning wedding and event venue nestled in the rolling hills and valleys of the Catoctin Mountains, near both Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and Frederick, Maryland -- and only one hour from Washington DC and Baltimore. The 100-acre farm features beautifully and naturally restored historic farmhouses and breathtaking views, all combining into a stunning backdrop for your celebration. ZigBone Farm Retreat offers different packages to meet your needs, from a 3-day Wedding Weekend that includes two nights' accommodations to a day wedding tailored to your vision. Zigbone Farm Retreat was designed to inspire great meetings. The lodge is spacious as well as cozy and has several porches and patios with stunning views of the valley. The event hall seats up to 100 people. ZigBone also functions as a wedding venue for up to 140 guests, including accommodation for up to 25 people, event hall plus tent, tables, chairs and the help of a site coordinator.

The Perfect Place to Say ‘I DO’! Schroyer’s Tavern, our restaurant and venue space, offers a unique venue with panoramic views of nearly every corner of the golf course. Complete with a stone fireplace, soft leather seating, full service bar, room for 175 guests and a first-class service staff, we are able to offer a space for groups both big and small which can be roomy while still very welcoming. In addition, our covered deck, which overlooks both the 1st tee and 18th green, is sure to be a favorite with our guests. Maryland National Golf Club can host ceremonies, as well. Our venue offers both indoor and outdoor spaces, where friends and family can come together and enjoy a beautiful atmosphere while celebrating your love.

Experience the ultimate escape at our stunning event venue - a luxurious 9,000 square feet lodge nestled amidst 330 acres of serene woodlands, just 6 miles from historic downtown Gettysburg. The lodge features seventeen (17) generously sized suites, each with a private bathroom and their own central heating and air conditioning for optimal comfort. The lodge's two-story great room boasts a massive stone fireplace, offering a cozy atmosphere for any event. Guests can enjoy the convenience of a separate kitchenette equipped with a full-size refrigerator, perfect for keeping refreshments and snacks at arm's reach. The property offers ample opportunity to explore the great outdoors with hiking and biking trails, wildlife, and a picturesque creek and fishing pond. Our sprawling 10 acres of beautifully landscaped grounds provide the perfect backdrop for outdoor activities, including soccer, basketball, and various sports.

The Historic Round Barn, located in Biglerville, is not only a classic example of the Pennsylvania round barn, it gives convenient access to every part of your reception, from the buffet to the dance floor. This family-owned venue is ideal for couples who want an outdoor ceremony set in the Pennsylvania foothills, followed by a festive reception.

The Hauser Hill Event Center sits on 172 spacious acres atop a scenic ridge in the heart of apple country. Enjoy breathtaking views overlooking 40 miles of orchards, forests and farmland. This is the land over which the Confederate Army moved toward Gettysburg in 1863 during the Civil War. The facility includes 10 acres of carefully maintained vineyards and there are plenty of photo opportunities for your wedding, private or corporate event.

Enjoy everything the farm has to offer! Walker's Overlook is the founding venue in the Overlooks family. We are very proud of our farm; the charm of the treelined drive, the stone house, and the allure of photographs in front of the vintage car which has been in the family for generations. We are excited to meet you and delighted to help you plan your perfect day! From the spacious bridal suite upstairs to the mancave downstairs there's so much more to the stone built colonial house than just great photo ops! The old walnut tree at the ceremony site is a gorgous backdrop to your vows with the rolling countryside and farmland of Maryland completing the perfect setting. Then reserve a sweet spot on the patio or inside the house for cocktails before dinner is served in the spacious tent. Complete with hardwood floor, the tent can accomodate up to 275 guests comfortably, and still has space for a large dance floor.

We are so glad you are interested in Harpers Ferry Brewing as your wedding destination. Harpers Ferry Brewing has one of the most unique views in all of Loudoun County Virginia. Nestled on the cliffs of the Potomac River, we offer views of Maryland Virginia, and West Virginia, including the town of Harpers Ferry in the distance. Catch an amazing sunset from the west end of our property or gorgeous views of the Potomac, all while enjoying one of our beers. We offer beer, cider, and wine in a variety of styles to please everyone. We have plenty of options to host large weddings or more intimate gatherings.

Prosperity Mansion and Farm is set in the beautiful countryside of Frederick Maryland and on the border of Carroll County. Our venue offers a wonderful blend of historic detailing and modern amenities. Enjoy a private setting with a small-town feel. Experience the tranquility of acres of open fields, mature trees and rolling hills. Offering gracious gardens, patios, and fountains for outdoor entertaining. The picturesque setting is the perfect backdrop for your weddings. Words used to describe us are- Elegant with rustic charm, whimsical, romantic and unique. ​ Specializing in Elegant, Rustic, Country, Farm, Outdoor and Garden style weddings. We are sprinkled with whimsey that is sure to delight. ​

Battlefield Bed and Breakfast is the dream venue for any couple looking for a historical property in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The Civil War-era barn and farmhouse sit on the Gettysburg Battlefield and allow for indoor or outdoor ceremonies and receptions. The 1820’s Civil War Barn accommodates up to 140 guests and houses a dressing room. It is most comfortable May-November, as the weather affects the temperature in the barn. There are several lawns and gardens for beautiful outdoor ceremonies and cocktail hours. The Solarium, which is available year round, features natural sunlight, a dramatic historic fireplace, cathedral ceiling, and chandeliers. It is perfect for a ceremony or reception and seats up to 75 guests. Accommodations at the B&B include 10 guest rooms inside the Farmhouse, one in the Historic Barn, and a private cottage.

Citizens Ballroom is a cornerstone building turned wedding and special event venue in the heart of historic downtown Frederick. The former bank has been lovingly renovated to its original glory and updated for its new life as a celebration space. Originally built in 1908, the building still contains most of its original details, including bronze doors, statement 30-foot coffered ceilings and signature bank vaults. Come in for the gorgeous venue and stay to enjoy our industry changing policies that allow you to customize your day beginning with our standard 16 hour day. Come early to relax in your dressing suite, give your vendors ample time to decorate and set up, and plenty of time for photographs! You're free to select your favorite licensed/insured full service caterer, and our curated short list is a great place to begin. Our tables and chairs are included and we offer rental service for any additional items (linens, china, glassware etc.). We would love to celebrate with you!

Tenth Ward offers the ideal wedding venue for you in the heart of downtown Frederick, Maryland. Complete with wall-to-wall exposed brick, large industrial pane glass windows, and gorgeous original hardwood floors. With 2 private spaces, this is an excellent place for your ceremony, cocktail hour & reception, for up to 150 guests.

Elevate your private events to a new level by choosing our unique brewery as your venue. Whether it’s a rehearsal dinner, birthday celebration, corporate gathering, or any special occasion, our inviting atmosphere and craft-centric setting provide the perfect backdrop for a memorable experience.

From the makers of Attaboy Beer, the Attaboy Barrel House is a modern wedding and events venue in Frederick Maryland. The Barrel House specializes in small-batch barrel aged beers alongside staple Attaboy Beers, Hard Cider and Hard Seltzer. With 6500 sq ft, we offer a unique combination of modern accents and finishes, along with vaulted ceilings and polished concrete floors. We have 80 wine barrels stacked 3 high creating a beautiful backdrop for any event. QUICK DETAILS: - Finished wood tables & chairs included for 150-160 guests - Plus additional furniture available - Private fenced in beer garden with string lights - Fully ADA compliant venue with 4 private bathrooms - Free private parking lot with room for shuttle bus - Flexibility to bring your own vendors & alcohol - Private vendor/caterer prep area - Bridal Parlor for touch ups & private moments - Short walk to Carrol Creek & Downtown Frederick

Hello & Welcome! Thank you for considering The Links at Gettysburg to host your special day! First comes your engagement, then comes the venue search. Like they say, once you find your perfect venue, all the details fall into place. We understand as you search for your perfect venue that it can become overwhelming. What fits your budget? What does the venue include? What doesn’t the venue include that you need to provide? The list goes on… and you want to know something nice? Contrary to belief, we are probably one of the most budget-friendly venues in the area. We have hosted thousands of weddings at our venue for over 20 years.

Say "I do" in style at our fully rennovated colonial era property The elegant bridal suite upstairs, and the huge mancave downstairs offer plenty of space to prepare for the celebrations that you will never forget. While you are hidden away enjoying time with your crew, your guests will be dazzled as they are escorted to one of the stunning ceremony areas. Either the beautiful formal rose garden or the whimsical laid back woodland area make the perfect backdrop for you to say "I do" in style! Then head over to the downstairs bar in the barn for cocktails and patio games, followed by a reception you will never forget upstairs in the magnificent big red barn. The lovingly restored barn has stayed true to its roots, featuring all the old timbers and charm of days gone by. It can hold up to 200 guests with plenty of room to dance and a patio to enjoy the view of the rolling Maryland countryside or star gaze at the end of a perfect day.

Famed, Elegant and Unique! Renovated from farmhouse to Mansion in 1872, Bowling Brook was one of the most significant horse training facilities in the nation boasting 7 Preakness winners. The mansion has been fully restored with elegant finishes while maintaining the original historic detail and charm. Located in Carroll County, Maryland and minutes away from Frederick County, Maryland.

We are the ideal venue for weddings, rehearsal dinners, reunions, and other events. The barn is a significant architectural and historic site. One of the largest Confederate field hospitals after the battle of Gettysburg with an on-site restaurant, brewery, and distillery. We close to the public on days when we host events.

Your wedding is a special day and deserves a beautiful setting. Picture you and your partner saying “I Do” on our private patio or in our historic home. Add an overnight stay (or two) to make your wedding memorable, elegant and perfectly yours.

​Heritage Restored is a farm that will give you the setting for your wedding or special event that evokes a sense of history, peaceful views, and plenty of space to utilize. The 57 acre property will give a deep breath of relaxation to your event and can accommodate over 200 guests. Mark and Karlen have been restoring the farm for 19 years, one thing has been maintained as much as possible in its original form, the barn. The historic late 1800’s bank barn has many of the original board siding, only to be replaced in-like when needed. It boasts a very large 4 bay layout with the original chestnut flooring. The board siding allows the light to dance off the beautiful wood floors. It is a privilege for Mark and Karlen to invite you into their treasured barn and grounds.

Modern design and original historic details are united to create a remarkable, one of a kind venue in the heart of Taneytown. Here you won't find rolling acres, but a lovely urban garden setting with a touch of industrial vibe. Neutral contemporary elements throughout our farmhouse, pavilion, and courtyard gardens create the perfect refined setting to bring your vision to life. Our team comes with decades of experience in the event industry to guide out clients in creating captivating and elegant celebrations unique to every event.

The Winery, which hosts a tasting room of rustic elegance, a bridal loft and barrel room, is an Amish structure, crafted with the best hardwoods. Based on the tradition of raised barns, the structure has a vibe from years long passed. Natural materials were used throughout the building, including local stone, black walnut from the property, and handcrafted metalwork. A fieldstone fireplace provides a warm and cozy atmosphere on chilly nights or quiet winter days.

Our venue offers a memorable, romantic and serene natural setting amidst the rolling hills of West Virginia. Sitting in the shadows of the highest peak in the eastern portion of West Virginia. Cacapon Resort State Park offers 6,000 acres of exciting outdoor getaways all year-round. The word Cacapon is a derivative of a Shawnee Indian word meaning "medicine waters," a reference to the area's mineral waters that have been renowned throughout history for their healing powers. The park is frequented by both nature lovers and adventure seekers from around the state, as well as nearby cities such as Baltimore and Washington, D.C. Cacapon Resort is also a draw for history buffs due to its proximity to the historic town of Berkeley Springs and Harpers Ferry National Historical Park. Extend your stay by booking a room at the park’s recently renovated lodge — the newest in the state park system, in a cabin, or the restored Old Inn.

Located in the heart of wine country in Lovettsville, Virginia, Winding Creek Farm is a picturesque wedding venue. The property boasts a blend of rustic charm and refined elegance, offering the ultimate sophistication. Ceremonies and receptions can be hosted here, as well as romantic countryside elopements. The Winding Creek Farm is a relaxing setting, perfect for couples celebrating their milestone day. The farm covers 20 acres of lush pastoral land, with a 118-year-old bank barn being the main attraction. This two-level structure has been lovingly and carefully restored, creating a romantic setting for any celebration. Outside, you can marvel at beautiful views of the sunset and nearby mountains. Couples have a choice of three event spaces. The upper level of the barn can comfortably seat up to 150 guests. A twentieth-century farmhouse on the property is also open for your use. This two-bedroom home has been restored, too, blending comfort with traditional charm.

Kalero is a lovely 130 acre farm and vineyard, located in western Loudoun County with breathtaking views of the Blue Ridge mountains. Our historic barn, the cornerstone of which was set in 1834, has gone under extensive restoration to become one of Loudoun County’s premiere wedding destinations, and soon to be tasting room. The barn has been fondly nicknamed Heartstone Barn – in honor of a unique heart-shaped stone discovered on the property by our daughters. Heartstone Barn is the perfect choice for those seeking a rustic yet elegant space to host a wedding or corporate event. We offer 2,500 square feet, and can seat up to 150 guests on our main floor with additional space found in our two lofts. We also provide a changing suite, a large stage, and catering space. If you are looking to host a larger outdoor event, Kalero offers plenty of open space options for any special occasion you may have in mind.

Green Meadows Petting Farm is a one-of-a-kind venue every couple dreams of. Located on 124 acres in the rolling hills of the greater Washington, D.C. metro area and the southern part of Frederick County, MD, this unique Agri-tourism venue features nearly 150 farm animals as a picturesque backdrop or included as part of a couples’ special day. The view of the rolling pastures with animals, historic Manor house, old barns & majestic trees, will have guests in awe. The day may begin with a ceremony in the Hay Mow, a majestic 100+ year old hay barn as guests are seated on covered bales of hay for a unique, yet charming touch of country. Or the day may begin with an outdoor ceremony in the shadows of the stately white Manor house built circa 1790. The celebration continues as the party transitions to The Stables. The tall cathedral ceiling is supported with beams of dark wood decorated with white lights & paper lanterns. The Stable’s capacity of 200 is perfect for year-round events.

Your happily ever after begins at Gordon Springs. Celebrate this next chapter together at our gorgeous property, which was designed to bring to life everything from large celebrations to intimate ceremonies. Infuse your wedding with understated elegance in our impressive Oak Barn, the ultimate destination for celebrations. Take in the exquisite beauty of our natural landscape with an outdoor Hill Top affair. Or add a rustic flair to your picture perfect wedding with the striking backdrop of our Red Barn. Love them all? When you book with Gordon Springs, the entire property is yours to bring your dream wedding to life.

Vanish at Black Hops Farm is a charming countryside brewery and wedding venue found in Leesburg, VA. Family-owned and operated, the farm is situated on 63 acres of pristine farmland with grassy meadows, forests, and more. With room for up to 200 people, you can choose to host intimate and extravagant celebrations here. Whatever your vision, the venue’s attentive staff will do whatever it takes to help you bring your dream wedding to life. Vanish at Black Hops Farm features open-air and indoor event areas throughout the property. You can opt to host your ceremony outside, where there are numerous sites with enchanting backdrops. For your covered event space options, you can choose from the Stables, a Farmside Pavilion, and the Boho Barn. Exuding a tasteful sense of rustic charm, these three areas each boast details such as neutral color palettes, romantic string lighting, and cozy wooden furnishings.

Riverside provides stunning backdrops for any special event. From the all-season, historic barn to the sweeping views of the Potomac River valley and the shady Gallery area there is a space and facility for every kind of occasion.

Blue Hill Farm is a full-service certified Loudoun County Bed & Breakfast and wedding venue just outside the national historic village of Waterford. We are situated high on a hill with a 360 degree view of rolling hills and beautiful pastoral vistas with a backdrop of the Blue Ridge Mountains. We designed and built our custom farmhouse to complement the beautiful views while looking like it’s been here for a hundred years. We are just fifty miles west of Washington DC in the heart of Virginia’s Wine Country with fifty five wineries and 35 breweries in a twenty five mile radius. We are just over twenty miles from Dulles Airport but it feels like we are worlds away from the hustle, bustle and stress of DC and suburban Northern Virginia. Come visit us to visualize the wedding of your dreams.

Nestled on over 300 acres of the Great Appalachian Valley, Linwood offers multiple picturesque locations and a relaxing atmosphere in the heart of Pennsylvania. Whether you are planning an extravagant wedding, an intimate celebration, family reunion, shower, a corporate retreat, or milestone birthday, Linwood Estate is the perfect place for your event. The Estate is also available for a mini getaway! Book a weekend with your friends, or a whisk your loved one away on a romantic retreat. Stay in one of our luxurious suites and take in the quiet scenery near the large stone firepit, or opt to visit the quaint little towns surrounding the property. Hiking, wineries, shopping, site-seeing and more are only a short drive away. Linwood Estate is a private estate, tours are available by appointment only. Contact us for more information, pricing and to schedule your tour.

*** 20% Off Rental Rate for Remaining 2024 Dates! *** Comus Farm is a charming and serene wedding venue located in Dickerson, Maryland. Steeped in history, this farm has been rejuvenated to host modern celebrations filled with stunning backdrops and majestic settings. A family-run farm, these hosts work hard to provide a welcoming environment to every couple that celebrates their love on these relaxing and secluded grounds. Originally built in 1921, the charming, traditional farmhouse is still intact, adding a historic and rustic feel to your special celebration.

Bleu Frog Vineyards currently specializes in intimate special occasions Monday-Thursday to include corporate and family gatherings and small weddings and elopements. With the owners having a background in catering, floral designs, architecture, and the french culinary arts— the Pavilion and future barn have all the senses in mind for memorable and special experiences. Outside caterers and vendors welcome, too. As the farm, grapes, and wines develop, the Kernan’s welcome you to follow the progress, enjoy the wines, share some laughs, pet the dogs, and to learn more about the causes they are most passionate about. Cheers!

Raspberry Plain Manor lends itself to any bridal event whether an intimate rehearsal dinner, a gala reception, a formal dinner, or a festive wedding day brunch. We welcome international weddings ranging from South Asian, Asian, Middle Eastern, African, Latin and European cultures. We are ideal for Kosher events. Imagine a traditional manor house that can accommodate all of your guests in one room, and allows you to use any caterer of your choice. Raspberry Plain Manor will host your guest in both style and elegance to create unforgettable wedding memories.

A rustic chic venue which allows you to think outside the box for your event. Think comfortable spaces, fresh air, quiet, scenery not to be beat, friendly, relaxed, fun. Think ice cream trucks, tap bars, fire pits, s'mores, corn hole. Think a unique venue your guests will remember for all the RIGHT reasons!

Welcome to Wilson’s Bittersweet Barn. Constructed in 1817, Wilson’s Bittersweet Barn was built prior to the civil war and was likely used as a staging area during the Battle of Gettysburg. This aged brick structure is a unique architectural masterpiece that has withstood the test of time. We specialize in Weddings, Birthdays, Anniversaries, and gatherings of various sizes. We believe in offering a quality venue at an affordable rate with additional items included to help customize your special event. It would be our privilege to assist you in creating a memory that will last a lifetime.

Experience the grandeur of a Jeffersonian manor located in a picturesque setting near Washington, DC. Impressive Jeffersonian architecture, elegantly appointed ballrooms, and crystal chandeliers offer the ideal atmosphere for weddings, upscale meetings, and special events. The light-filled ballrooms, stately French doors, and distinguished carved fireplaces make this romantic estate the perfect setting for your special day. The private 22-acre estate features scenic views, spacious ballrooms, convenient on-site parking, and a distinct facade that will add a classic sense of scale and power to your event. Rose Hill Manor is located in the rolling hills of Northern Virginia’s wine country, and over the years has hosted weddings, parties, corporations, fundraisers, and more.

Amish-built barn surrounded by a private, wooded setting, Historic Rosemont Springs features a breathtaking 10-foot waterfall and a stone terrace. The post and beam, gambrel barn is illuminated with three beautiful chandeliers, and the stunning indoor fireplace made with Virginia bluestone helps to create the perfect setting for your wedding.

Escape to the beautiful Virginia countryside and celebrate all weekend long at Tranquility Farm. Our boutique venue offers a relaxing 48-hour experience and stunning indoor and outdoor spaces, perfect for staying safe. Make the farm your own and host all festivities here, including rehearsal dinner and brunch. Enjoy luxurious accommodations for 16 guests for two nights. Our Antique Barn has been updated with climate control, bathrooms & catering kitchen. Nestled in D.C.'s wine country, the farm is convenient to Dulles Airport.

Hazelwood is an intentionally-designed modern venue located in the stunning Pennsylvania countryside featuring extensive, all-inclusive venue amenities. Everything you see is included. We partner with the area's leading professional wedding planning team to ensure you have the most enjoyable, stress-free experience possible. Why? Because planning a wedding can feel overwhelming, and you deserve a team of experts to support you!

Birkby House is.built 1770 circa is a beautiful historic venue for your special event. Located in charming downtown Leesburg VA. Birkby House has beautiful gardens and large air controlled tent, with beautiful white draping and bistro lighting.

Three Gables Barn offers country elegance amid rustic charm. Hand hewn beams, wide plank floors and limestone walls complement waving fields of hay, old growth trees, park like glades and views of Blue Mountain. Authentic period architectural detailing in harmony with modern convenience. The perfect destination for your special event!

Nestled on the first ridge of the Blue Ridge Mountains in Northern Virginia Wine Country, our tasting room is located 951 feet above sea level, with panoramic views of the gorgeous Loudoun Valley. Sip a glass of your favorite wine while overlooking the verdant vines that cling to the sun-kissed mountainside, the vast orchards, and our family farm that spreads below. It is this terroir that makes our wines truly unique among Virginia wineries. As a farm winery, we find joy in life’s simple pleasures, and when the bees flit from the cherry orchard or black raspberries to the grape vines, we envision the cherry overtones and notes of raspberry that will grace the next vintage. As you take in the breathtaking view from our tasting room or expansive patio, we hope you feel the connection to the dirt, sun, and atmosphere that stir the farming soul and elevate your spirit, just as it has to us.

The 1785 historical house, the modern pavilion, and a beautiful courtyard are all available for event rentals. The venue is accessible from the downtown walking mall. Enjoy your special day in luxurious history!

The original 1800s bank barn sits on a once 20 acre horse farm. The weathered wood beams tell of its history, and its worn wood adorns the space in a beautifully neutral palette. The century-old barn is rooted to overlook a sea of golden fields in Carroll County, Maryland. The barn, orchard, bridal suite, and groom's quarters provide an effortless setting for weddings and events. The venue's exposed structure and lofty ceilings establish an airy ambiance, while its expansive doors allow for soft, natural light and a seamless transition to the paver terrace and large deck. Facing into beautiful, tree lined sunsets, and pond views, Montagu Meadows is the perfect spot to celebrate any extraordinary event. Named after Montagu Hankin, a WW II veteran.