A chic industrial space created by the award-winning team of W.E.D. Included in your rental: coordination, timeline creation, photo booth, audio guest book, chiavari chairs, linens, decor set up, and decor breakdown.

Enjoy your special day with your outdoor ceremony in the beauty of nature in the middle of a historic apple orchard or by getting married on the dock of our orchard pond. Celebrate your reception in our Orchard Barn which offers modern amenities, bride & groom changing rooms, & kitchen. Delight in the freedom to easily plan with affordability by choosing your own vendors to assist you. Relax with the flexibility of simple pricing that allows you to invite 20 to 400 guests to your ceremony and reception. Located in mid-Michigan near Lansing, Battle Creek & Jackson our family farm is the perfect wedding venue for your ceremony and reception. We are only an hour's drive from Grand Rapids and Kalamazoo.

We offer a full driving range, practice putting greens and a full-service pro shop offering the latest in golf equipment. From our sixty lanes of bowling, luxurious twenty-seven hole golf course, Pinball Pete’s Arcade, active sports lounge with billiards, great food and drinks, we’ve got something for everyone! Come out and see why Royal Scot is The Perfect Place to Play! Whether it’s a retirement or anniversary party or a wedding reception, Royal Scot has the perfect room for you! Royal Scot has 4 different banquet rooms to accommodate your special event’s size.

Choosing Woldumar for your Lansing wedding venue will not only provide a beautiful and unforgettable experience for you and your guests, but also will support our nonprofit environmental education efforts - giving you one more reason to smile on your wedding day! Our beautifully maintained grounds are available for your guests to explore, several outdoor locations are superb settings for a memorable ceremony, and the RE Olds Anderson Rotary Barn is a one-of-a-kind rustic venue for your celebratory reception. Imagine your unforgettable Wedding Ceremony held in a beautiful outdoor venue among the enchanting, natural settings found at Woldumar!

Lansing’s newest premier urban event venue located in the heart of historic Old Town. With valet parking available, a variety of package options, and a space with limitless options, it’s perfect for weddings, corporate gatherings, musical events, meetings/retreats, holiday parties…and much more! Host your next event at a venue as unique as you. Hours of operation vary by event. With its old town atmosphere, exposed brick walls, and industrial accents, UrbanBeat Event Center is the ideal space for your next event.

The newest hotel in downtown Lansing, Courtyard by Marriott is ideally located in the heart of the Stadium District, close to the State Capitol and walking distance to the Lansing Center, Jackson Field and Downtown businesses. Close to Lansing Community College and Sparrow Hospital and only 2.4 mi to MSU campus. Explore area attractions like Michigan State University and the Impression 5 Science Center. The new state-of-the-art lobby at Courtyard provides greater flexibility and choices for our guests. At the center of it all is The Bistro, your destination for a great breakfast, or drinks and dinner during the evening. You will also enjoy inviting, flexible spaces where you can work or relax, free Wi-Fi throughout. Plus, our well-equipped guestrooms will help you stay refreshed and energized. Whether traveling for business or pleasure, your stay at Courtyard is sure to be more comfortable.

○ Three Trees:​ Guests are able to watch from the covered patio, or sit in the available white ceremony chairs and benches. ○ Labyrinth​: Walk along the two paths as you greet your guests along the way. ○ Gazebo: Lush green trees surround a gazebo placed in front of a grassy area for guests ○ Meadow: This peaceful clearing provides the perfect cozy spot for a ceremony. With a nearby path to the meadow overlook deck ○ Conservation Hall, complete with a full kitchen prep area for caterers, opens up to a 3,600 sq. ft. glass covered patio overlooking the water ○ Clear, lighted curtains drop down in rainy or windy weather ○ The Anderson Great Hall transforms into the perfect Bridal Suite featuring vaulted two-story ceilings, a stone fireplace and leather furniture ○ tables and chairs make the space perfect for hair and makeup ○ Enjoy breathtaking views from the second story partial wrap-around deck Covered patio allows for use in any weather ○ Perfect for cocktail hour and appetizers

Transform this amazing property with lush landscaping and an elegant reception space into your own vision of perfection. In the minutes leading up to that tear-filled walk down the aisle, the beautiful first dance, sweet words and glass-clinking toasts – you want an open venue that presents an idyllic and natural backdrop that will amaze your guests.

This beautiful property has a rich history in the Mid-Michigan area. Packed with endless possibilities, we have the venue for any size event and your next adventure. Sunset Place is happy to serve the community as a retreat back to nature. Equipped with Lodges, Dining Hall, Pavilions, Chapel, Glamping, Rustic Camp Areas, and much more. Nestled on 75 Acres for a great escape with wooded areas, hiking trails, and Michigan wildlife all around. The whole camp rentals are available for weddings, corporate groups, scouts, churches, youth groups, families and so much more! Contact us to find out more and schedule a tour!

Record Box Loft is a wedding venue located on the riverfront in downtown Battle Creek. Our original hardwood floors, exposed brick and open floorplan flooded with natural light gives our space an urban, industrial vibe that’s perfect for a party. After an extensive restoration of this historic building, built in 1902, it was rebranded as Record Box Loft to pay homage to its historic roots. Once known as the Record Printing and Box Company, cereal boxes were printed here for many years in the cereal capital of the world. Record Box Loft accommodates small groups of 25 up to large gatherings of 225 guests. Many onsite amenities are provided including onsite preparation rooms, wooden farmhouse tables, industrial chairs, an onsite catering prep kitchen and bar. We are located in southwest Michigan, approximately halfway between Chicago and Detroit and conveniently close to our surrounding communities including Kalamazoo, Jackson, Lansing and Grand Rapids.

Your wedding is one of the most memorable and significant days of your life. Picturesque Kellogg Manor is a wonderful choice to bring beauty, luxury, and a one-of-a kind wedding experience to the couple, and all your guests. From your ceremony, reception, rehearsal dinner, or bridal shower, we can do it all. Here at the Manor House, we know that planning a wedding is a big undertaking, and we would love to take the stress of the day off your shoulders.

Thank you for your interest in us to be a possible selection for your wedding venue! Cannonsburg's classic, rustic elegance creates an atmosphere perfect for your dream wedding. Here at Cannonsburg, we have an option of both indoor or outdoor ceremonies, and three different reception rooms, each with beautiful views of the outdoors. There is also a deck area available to rent as well. In house, we have an amazing culinary team and a chef who can create a delicious menu for your special day! I hope we see you at Cannonsburg!

Situated in a private rural setting in Byron Center, MI, the Garden View Barn is West Michigan's premier wedding and event venue. This property offers gorgeous gardens on the grounds that make for a stunning ceremony site and offer breathtaking photo backdrops. The beautiful wrought iron gazebo serves as a focal point of your ceremony.

With a 158-acre main campus featuring gorgeous gardens and an internationally acclaimed sculpture collection, this picturesque venue offers an award-winning professional events team to assist you, distinctive architectural design, and exclusive in-house catering and bar services.

The Centennial Barn is a beautiful venue for weddings up to 150, set on over 113 sprawling acres. Included in the property rental is a gorgeous hip roof barn with a rich wood interior, soaring ceilings, sound system, large bar, chairs, and farmhouse style wood tables. We offer two large indoor handicapped accessible restrooms, a fire pit, and an outdoor cocktail/ reception space complete with 16' concrete bar, lights and sound. At the back of the property is a wooded ceremony site with rustic wooden benches. It is secluded and quiet, plus all the mature trees offer plenty of shade for bridal party and guests.

St. Cecilia Music Center is a historic wedding venue situated in the heart of downtown Grand Rapids, MI. When booking this facility for your big day, there are numerous event spaces to help bring your dream wedding to life. The Dexter Ballroom features elegant hardwood floors, west-facing windows, two Steinway grand pianos and a large kitchen. The ballroom can accommodate 250 standing guests or 184 for a plated dinner. There is also the Wege Recital Hall. It has enough space for 100 standing reception or 48 for a plated dinner. The room also boasts two grand pianos, a small kitchenette, and a fireplace. More-private gatherings may be held in the Mika Music Library, which provides couples and their loved ones with a warm, inviting atmosphere. It has walls with oak paneling, parquet floors, a piano, a kitchen, and a fireplace, and it can seat up to 48 guests. In addition, couples may avail of these and the venue’s other luxurious event spaces for their wedding ceremonies.

Originally built in 1887 as The Ladies’ Literary Club, The Lit has hosted countless iconic events over the years. Located in the heart of Downtown Grand Rapids, guests at The Lit not only enjoy modern conveniences like professional lighting, a theater grade sound system,and close proximity to hotels, they also get to experience the historic charm of our unique space. With original antique chandeliers, hand painted gold trim, and a Tiffany stained glass window dating back to 1915, your guests will fall in love with the authentic historic character of this event space. With flexible floorplans, two dressing rooms on site, and a professional and friendly event staff guiding you through the planning process, The Lit is the ideal venue for your next event.

Your dream wedding will happen here. From our breathtaking scenery and views of downtown Grand Rapids to our exclusive catering options, our venue has the space and amenities you need for a memorable day. Our building is simple and modern, making it the perfect canvas for your wedding reception or ceremony. Our fun, collaborative, and hard-working events team coordinates 70+ wedding celebrations annually, so they know exactly how important your big day is. They will treat you with individuality, respect, and compassion to create unforgettable moments that you will cherish for years to come. If you are looking for something unique for your guests to do in between your ceremony and reception, they can head downstairs to explore our 20+ indoor Market vendors. The Downtown Market is the perfect place to host your wedding - come check it out!

Long before this space became Archival Brewing, it used to be a sprawling golf course and club house. Transformed to what it is today, a Brewery with a beautiful view. On good days you can head outside onto the deck or into the Biergarten. Here you'll find three fire pits surrounded by cozy Adirondack chairs. There are four cornhole courts and two bocce ball courts. Seating for up to 100 but plenty of space for more to roam. Archival Brewing prides itself in its historic brews. Taking recipes right out of history for you to enjoy today. Enjoy Beer, Cider, and Mead. As well as handcrafted farm to table food!

The Loft at Luna is an elegant, yet rustic wedding and special event venue. Brick and wood tones create a warm familiar atmosphere for your guests, while the high ceiling and pillars give a touch of splendor. All wedding rentals include access to the space from 10 AM until 12 AM, a variety of hand-built tables, cocktail tables, and black Chiavari chairs that can be set up by staff however you desire, seating up to 160 of your closest friends and family.

he Grand Rapids Art Museum is a one-of-a-kind wedding venue located in the heart of Grand Rapids, Michigan. The simplicity and architecture of this art gallery and museum was designed to showcase art at its finest and provides the perfect backdrop for your special day. When you book your event at the Grand Rapids Art Museum, you will have a dedicated Event Coordinator who will be available to answer all your questions and provide support leading up to and during your event. We have a variety of table, chair and barware options available, and will provide staff to set up and breakdown. Contact us today to find out more about how we can help you create your ideal wedding at the Grand Rapids Art Museum.

This West Side landmark, with its 150-foot iconic smokestack, has been transformed into an event destination like no other in Grand Rapids. Towering historical windows, original exposed brick and structural steel, and soaring open-architecture ceilings recall the bygone days of America’s Gilded Age. With two distinct, expansive, and column-free reception spaces, cocktail lounge, outdoor amphitheater and courtyard, and abundant FREE on-site parking, New Vintage Place is the ideal venue for any event requiring a unique character that will leave an unforgettable impression.

For the couples who love architectural history and modern finesse, check out The Goei Center in Grand Rapids, Michigan. This historic loft-style venue sits in the heart of downtown Grand Rapids and appeals to couples seeking both urban elegance and industrial-chic class. The Goei Center originally served as the Kindel Furniture Factory and was restored back to its original splendor. Couples may host large weddings with up to 400 guests within The Goei Center. Exposed brick walls and original wood beams contrast with the crystal chandeliers and twinkling lights, making this wedding venue classic, unique and unforgettable.

The Rickhouse at Long Road Distillers, Grand Rapids is available for holiday parties, wedding receptions, private tours and tastings, corporate meetings, cocktail classes, and more. We’re ready to provide you and your guests with an experience as unique as our spirits, complete with a private bar, space for live music or entertainment, and views of the distillery below.

Barn 1888 offers a stunning rustic, yet elegant venue to exchange wedding vows, or host your event. An extraordinary setting at a great value for your money. We offer 20 picturesque acres for your ceremony and reception on a historic farm. The barn, originally built in 1888 still maintains the exposed wood beams, weathered plank walls, and a soaring vaulted ceiling displaying the gambrel roof. The farm is located in Hopkins Michigan, centrally located 30 minutes from Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, and the Lakeshore. Contact us to learn more, or to book a tour of the farm.

Located in Grand Rapids, Michigan at the John Ball Zoo, the Bissell Tree House is one of West Michigan’s most unique event spaces. This hidden gem provides couples an amazing view of the downtown Grand Rapids area with its floor-to-ceiling glass windows. With its tree house feel and large covered veranda sitting at one of Grand Rapids' highest land points, couples can get that sense of being on top of the world as they share their love with family and friends. All proceeds benefit the conservation missions and animals of John Ball Zoo!

The old school just down Leonard is now Leona Road. A modern event venue in Grand Rapids with weddings on the mind. The walls are the same but the stories they’ll tell are all new. Originally built in 1916 as West Leonard Elementary School and fully renovated in 2020–2021, Leona Road is a wedding and event venue with Scandinavian Modern styling from the experienced team behind The Cheney Place, Fringe Events and PUNCH Bar Catering. With 19,000 square feet, a large outdoor terrace and free onsite parking, there is plenty of room to host your wedding for up to 300 guests.

Built in 1871, and restored with love, our event center sits on one countryside acre, just minutes from downtown Kalamazoo. Whether hosting meetings or tea parties, weddings or showers, our intimate one-room schoolhouse is a treasure meant to be shared. The Bellflower is perfect for get togethers of all kinds. We’re hosting showers, intimate weddings and rehearsal dinners, graduation parties and family reunions, and even yoga classes and workshops this year. The best part is, this adventure has just begun. Enjoy the gallery and be sure to check back throughout the year as we update these collections.

Let the one of a kind property of Briar Barns transform your special day into a one of a kind experience for you and your guests. Built in the 1870’s the history of this property is felt the moment you pull into the driveway. From the white wrap around porch of the farmhouse to the distressed metal roof of the barn, this property is full of uniqueness you won’t find anywhere else.

A rustic & chic West Michigan premier barn wedding venue in Coral, MI. With a timeless and distinctive ambience, our (temperature controlled!) barn provides an elegant backdrop to compliment your unique style. The "Party Barn" hosts a gorgeous bar and cocktail hour space , set next to the adorable outdoor dance floor. An on site farmhouse allows for a beautiful space for getting ready, as well as the option of staying overnight. There are 5 uniquely beautiful ceremony locations to choose from outside. Each of them offer a totally different aesthetic and view in each new season. With three acres of quiet countryside and verdant grounds, our open air spaces ensure tranquility for your momentous occasions. There are simple endless photo spots on the property and at each new turn, a space for you and your guests to mingle, model and make memories.

Welcome! Our 1850 barn has original hand hewn beams and antique prism chandeliers. There are 4 acres of land with picturesque views overlooking 56 acres. The wedding chapel with chapel bell and windows. The down payment is $1500 cash or check. Rates for 2025/2026 Fridays $4,395 Saturdays $4,995 We are open mid April - mid November.  Closed Sundays. Included 30 handmade Amish tables & chairs, pond w/fountain, outdoor chapel w/church bell, 3 covered porches w/gas fireplace on one, paved parking lot, 2 indoor handicapped bathrooms, & 2 air-conditioned wedding party rooms. We only use The Liquor Cabinet for alcohol. You may bring in your own insured food caterer. We also have for rent, $2500 worth of decor that you can rent À la cart or a package price of $500 Thank you for your time looking at all of our information. We so appreciate your kindness. Phyllis Meiste

Robin Hills Farm is a unique destination with many indoor and outdoor options for an all encompassing wedding experience. Our commitment to being an eco-friendly destination includes our energy efficient buildings, sustainably sourced wood for our barns, and our organically certified gardens. Our Pasture Barn, four scenic ponds, Glass House, walking trails and Amphitheater will give you a unique backdrop for your special day. Our Prairie House includes a spacious dining room and patio with sweeping views of the ponds, and an executive balcony for intimate parties. Schedule a visit today with our Events Manager to see how we can fill your special day with nature's beauty.

Terra Square offers you a space to connect. A space to be and celebrate with those you love. This is a space where the community can gather together around movie nights and yoga classes, but it is also a space where you can host your own special event, be it a graduation party, corporate event, or wedding. This is your space, use it to make memories!

Country Creek Reception Hall comfortably seats up to 230 guests. Located along M-99, our hall is nestled away from the hustle and bustle of the city. This provides your event with a quiet country setting only a mile south of I-96, making it a convenient destination for your friends, family, and guests. Country Creek also features a beautiful outdoor ceremony gazebo, a picnic area, an elevated stage with plenty of dance floor, and an in-house full service bar. We welcome you to bring your own catering, or let us take the stress out of your day and we’ll do it for you! We are happy to customize our menus to fit the needs of any occasion. Call us or email us today and find out why Country Creek Reception Hall is a place where memories will last a lifetime!

Searching for a wedding venue that combines the charm of tradition with the boldness of something uniquely yours? Lansing Brewing Company (LBC) is the perfect place to say “I do.” Located in the heart of downtown Lansing, our historic brewery offers a distinctive setting that’s as one-of-a-kind as your love story. Celebrate in a space that blends industrial chic with modern amenities, surrounded by warm character, gleaming brewing tanks, and the lively energy of a working brewery. Whether you envision an intimate gathering or a larger celebration, LBC provides customizable layouts to fit the size and style of your special day. Our experienced event team is dedicated to making your wedding planning process effortless and enjoyable, guiding you every step of the way from the initial booking to the final dance of the night. At LBC, we pride ourselves on delivering exceptional service that exceeds expectations, with personalized touches that reflect your unique style.

Red Ribbon Hall is a historic landmark building located in the heart of Eaton Rapids! Dating back to 1878, the building was affiliated with the "Red Ribbon Movement". The interior has recently undergone some refreshing renovations to help bring a modern feel to the historic building. There are three different areas available for utilization: the upstairs, downstairs, and an outside location. The upstairs houses a theater styled hall, a bridal suite, a grooms room, and two restrooms. The theater styled hall consists of a stage lining the back wall and elevated theater style seating along the side walls. The downstairs houses male & female restrooms, a kitchen available for catering, and a reception hall. Round tables and chairs are provided along with their set up and tear down. There is also an outside location available upon request. An individual will be on-site for supervision. If you are looking for a modern/historical aesthetic, then Red Ribbon Hall is the place you need!

BlackDog Coffee is the perfect place for your next event! Our space is broken up into two halves: cafe and dining. Our cafe side will always stay open to serve guests all day long. Which leaves our dining side available for rentals. Host your bridal shower, birthday party, or other important event here with us. BlackDog Coffee is for the betterment and development of our community. We believe that this all starts with a great cup of coffee and a place for people to gather. From our cold brew to our cream, everything is made in-house. We have carefully crafted every product on our menu for you to enjoy. Know when you pick up a cup of BlackDog coffee that it's made with intention and with all the best ingredients. Here at BlackDog Coffee we don't want to just sell really exceptional coffee, we want to create a space where everyone is welcome to be themselves and know that there's always a seat open and waiting for them.

Located downtown Hastings The Jefferson was originally built in 1873 and was recently renovated into a beautiful wedding venue. Boasting a newly redone downtown social area, The Jefferson is located in the heart of Hastings. With the main space open with exposed brick walls and wood floors it offers a full bar space along with a full certified kitchen. The Jefferson also has a finished basement available for use of the events and is typically being used as a bridal suite.

The Fairway Event and Banquet Center has a long history of hosting fun and elegant events. Formerly operated as Deer Run Golf Club, the banquet center is a familiar and beloved destination in Kent County. We’re happy to say that we’ve taken the best of what was at the facility before and combined it with our own new and exciting changes for an even better event experience! With a variety of new menu and bar options, along with gorgeous new improvements to to the facility, we know you’ll love having your wedding or event at The Fairway! We look forward to working with you to customize your event to suit your own unique style.

Located in an enchanting woods outside of Battle Creek, Michigan, centrally located between Chicago and Detroit, lies the splendor of Greencrest Manor Estate. The moment you drive through our wrought-iron gates and up our tree-lined drive, you will be transported into a 17th century French countryside château - adorned with cascading ivy, sprawling formal gardens, and an atmosphere that radiates warmth and historical opulence. Our mission is to serve you in a gracious way that makes you feel like family, enveloped by an extraordinary place that is a tranquil escape from the hustle of day to day life. With a cocktail in hand and a breath of fresh air, we welcome you to the magic of Greencrest Manor Estate. Special thanks to Shanell Photography, and Hannah Forsberg for beautifully capturing Greencrest. We are thrilled to share their images in our gallery.

We are currently under construction and are scheduled to finish in the winter of 2023! We are booking for the 2024 wedding season. Augusta Creek is located in a secluded area, sitting on 104 acres of land. Wildlife and nature completely surrounds the entire property, giving the whole venue a private event experience. Wedding ceremonies can be held inside the main hall or outside all year around. The property also has a one of a kind bridal suite for the party to get ready and hang out on the morning of the big day. It's fully stocked with plenty of entertainment on the men's side, including a golf simulator. As well as a large area on the women's side to have outside services come in and help out on the big day! For the first year of 2024 weddings we are offering a 20% off on all wedding bookings!

Berridge Barn is conveniently located roughly an hour between Grand Rapids & Lansing. Our beautiful property is the perfect spot to celebrate life's big moments. Pick your own caterer or bring your own food. Do you need time on the property to hold a rehearsal and extra time on Sunday to clean up? No problem! We pride ourselves giving couples the space and time to create a day that fits their vision.

Welcome to the Villa on Verona, a historic Italianate style villa built in the 1860's. The estate has been newly decorated and furnished, with five luxurious and beautifully appointed guest rooms, as well as Bride and Groom's quarters. Your guests will be awed by the expansive stone front porch, and sprawling garden landscapes in our ceremony and reception backdrops. Inside the Villa, elegance and charm set the stage for a grand wedding weekend. This destination immerses you in rich history while maintaining the comfort of modern living. The Villa provides the perfect resort feel, with the personal touch of our service. Your event manager will ensure that the final details of your weekend run smoothly, so you are free to focus on your big day. Host your wedding party or family on-site for added comfort and convenience, up to 16 guests. Located at the intersection of Interstate 69 and 94 in Marshall, Michigan, connecting Detroit, Lansing, Grand Rapids, Chicago and beyond.

Bear Creek Farm is a beautiful outdoor event barn available in Laingsburg, Michigan. Located on seventy acres with rolling hills, surrounded in all directions by beautiful landscape with a gorgeous picturesque pond surrounded by weeping willows, our historic barn built in 1908 makes the most beautiful wedding ceremony setting. Bear Creek Farm, named for its creek that runs alongside its perimeter of the property, offers absolutely stunning photographic opportunities. Having your wedding at Bear Creek Farm is ideal for providing a relaxing and fun gathering place for friends and family to enjoy your special day, being able to play horseshoes, croquet, corn hole or relax by the bonfire making s'mores under the stars. We look forward to sharing our special Bear Creek Farm to help create your unique vision of the perfect wedding for the most memorable day of your life!

It's called your big day, but we know the many days leading up to it feel almost as large. With Gull Lake View Resort, we know the depth and breadth of everything you're coordinating. We're committed to understanding your dreams and making your wedding day right. As a family-owned resort, we know the importance of treating you like a family member. Our Wedding coordinators, banquet staff, and support staff are here for you. We're available when you need answers to questions, and we're fully committed to making sure any event-day surprises are handled behind-the-scenes.

If you want spectacular views, professional staff, and incredible cuisine on your wedding day, look no further than Gull Lake Country Club. From intimate lakefront ceremonies to large, elegant dinners, Gull Lake Country Club offers an unparalleled wedding experience from start to finish. The Lakeview Room's panoramic views of Gull Lake, private outdoor patio and room for outdoor seating make it one of the most sought after venues in all of Southwest Michigan! The Lakeview Room is located in the Clubhouse and holds approximately 265 people. Lakeside tented receptions with cocktail hour at our Lakeside Pavilion are also an option with room for groups of up to 300.

Your wedding day should be a memory that lasts a lifetime. Let us help make your experience special. Whether you want an outdoor rustic wedding, a barn wedding, or a beautiful secluded wedding, we can help.

Meadow Wood Acres is centrally located in Shiawassee County roughly 30 minutes from Lansing, 30 minutes from Flint and just under an hour from Ann Arbor with easy and close access to all major expressway's. Located on 40 picturesque country acres surrounded by hayfields, meadows and woods. ​The venue allows for you to bring in your own vendors to create your wedding vision. This country property makes the perfect place for your special day and everything you've dreamed of.